Carbonate ya Strontium
Carbone ya Strontium ningirakamaro yibikoresho byinganda ninganda zikoreshwa.Ni imyunyu ngugu ya karubone, iri mu itsinda rya aragonite, ni gake cyane kandi iboneka mu rutare cyangwa marlone mu buryo bw'imitsi.Muri kamere, ahanini ibaho muburyo bwa minisiteri ya rhodochrosite na strontite, ibana na bariyumu karubone, barite, calcite, celestite, fluorite na sulfide, impumuro nziza kandi itaryoshye, ahanini ifu nziza yera cyangwa kirisiti itagira ibara, cyangwa imvi, umuhondo-umweru, icyatsi cyangwa igikara iyo cyanduye umwanda.Strontium carbone kristal ifite ishusho y'urushinge, kandi igiteranyo cyayo ahanini ni granular, inkingi, na inshinge za radio.Isura yacyo ntigira ibara, ryera, icyatsi-umuhondo, gifite umucyo mwinshi wikirahure cyoroshye, amavuta yamenetse, acagaguritse, numucyo wubururu bwerurutse munsi yumucyo wa cathode.Carbone ya Strontium irahamye, idashobora gushonga mumazi, gushonga gake muri ammonia, karubone ya amonium na karuboni ya dioxyde de carbone yuzuye amazi, kandi ntigishobora gukomera muri alcool.Byongeye kandi, karubone ya strontium nayo ni ibikoresho byingenzi kuri selestite, isoko idasanzwe.Kugeza ubu, urwego rwohejuru rwo mu kirere rwarushye.
Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryinganda zisi, ikoreshwa rya strontium naryo ryagutse.Kuva mu kinyejana cya 19 kugeza mu ntangiriro z'iki kinyejana, abantu bakoresheje hydroxide ya strontium mu gukora isukari no kweza sirupe ya beterave;Mu ntambara ebyiri z'isi yose, ibikoresho bya strontium byakoreshejwe cyane mu gukora fireworks na bombe zerekana ibimenyetso;Mu myaka ya za 1920 na 1930, karubone ya strontium yakoreshejwe nka desulfurizer mu gukora ibyuma kugirango ikureho sulfure, fosifore n’ibindi bintu byangiza;Mu myaka ya za 1950, karubone ya strontium yakoreshejwe mu kweza zinc mu musaruro wa zinc electrolytique, ufite ubuziranenge bwa 99,99%;Mu mpera za 1960, karubone ya strontium yakoreshejwe cyane nk'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi;Strontium titanate ikoreshwa nkububiko bwa mudasobwa, naho chloride ya strontium ikoreshwa nkibicanwa bya roketi;Mu 1968, karubone ya strontium yakoreshejwe mubirahuri bya TV byerekana amabara kuko wasangaga ikoreshwa mubikorwa byiza byo gukingira X-ray.Noneho ibyifuzo biriyongera byihuse kandi byabaye kimwe mubikorwa nyamukuru byo gukoresha strontium;Strontium nayo irimo kwagura ibikorwa byayo mubindi bice.Kuva icyo gihe, karubone ya strontium hamwe nindi mvange ya strontium (umunyu wa strontium) nkibikoresho byingenzi byumunyu ngengabuzima byibanze byitabiriwe cyane.
Nkibikoresho byingenzi byinganda, karubone ya strontiumikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibishusho byamashusho, monitor, monitor yinganda, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi.Muri icyo gihe, karubone ya strontium nayo ni ibikoresho nyamukuru byo gutegura metallic strontium hamwe nu munyu wa strontium.Byongeye kandi, karubone ya strontium irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukora fireworks, ikirahuri cya fluorescent, ibisasu byerekana ibimenyetso, gukora impapuro, imiti, reagent zisesengura, gutunganya isukari, gutunganya ibyuma bya zinc electrolyte, gutunganya imyunyu ngugu ya strontium, nibindi. -isukari ya karubone isukuye, nka televiziyo nini yerekana ibara rya tereviziyo, kwerekana amabara kuri mudasobwa n'ibikoresho bya magnetiki bikora cyane, n'ibindi. Umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bya strontium mu Buyapani, Amerika, Ubudage ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byateye imbere byagabanutse uko umwaka utashye kugabanuka kw'imitsi y'amabuye y'agaciro, kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'ingufu no kwangiza ibidukikije.Kugeza ubu, isoko yo gukoresha karubone ya strontium irashobora kuboneka.
Noneho, tuzamenyekanisha uburyo bwihariye bwa karubone ya strontium:
Mbere ya byose, karubone ya strontium igabanijwemo granular na powdery.Ibinyampeke bikoreshwa cyane mubirahuri bya TV mubushinwa, kandi ifu ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho bya magnetiki ya strontium ferrite, gushonga ibyuma bidafite amabara, umutima utukura wa pyrotechnic hamwe no gukora karubone nziza cyane ya karubone kubintu bya elegitoroniki bigezweho nka PTC, ahanini ikoreshwa mugukora ibirahuri bya TV no kwerekana ibirahuri, strontium ferrite, ibikoresho bya magnetique hamwe na desulfurizasi yicyuma idafite ingufu, kandi ikoreshwa no mugukora fireworks, ikirahuri cya fluorescent, bombe yerekana ibimenyetso, gukora impapuro, ubuvuzi, reagent yisesengura nibikoresho fatizo byo gukora ibindi umunyu wa strontium.
Imikoreshereze nyamukuru ya karubone ya strontium mubikoresho bya elegitoronike ni:
Ikoreshwa mugukora tereviziyo yamabara yakira (CTV) kugirango ikure electron zakozwe na cathode
1.Gukora ferrite ya strontium ya magnesi zihoraho zikoreshwa mumajwi aranguruye hamwe na magneti yumuryango
2.Kubyara cathode ray tube ya TV yamabara
3.Ikindi gikoreshwa kuri electromagnets na strontium ferrite
4.Bishobora gukorwa muri moteri nto, gutandukanya magnetiki hamwe n'indangururamajwi
5.Asorb X-imirasire
6.Bikoreshwa mugukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe birenze urugero, nka BSCCO, ndetse no mubikoresho bya electroluminescent.Ubwa mbere, ibarwa muri SrO, hanyuma ikavangwa na sulfure kugirango ikore SrS: x, aho x isanzwe ari europium.
Mu nganda zubutaka, karubone ya strontium igira uruhare runini:
1.Bikoreshwa cyane nkibigize glaze.
2.Bikora nka flux
3.Hindura ibara rya oxyde zimwe.
Birumvikana koikoreshwa cyane rya karubone ya strontium ni nkibara rihendutse mumashanyarazi.
Muri make, karubone ya strontium ikoreshwa cyane, cyane cyane mukubyara ibirahuri bya TV no kwerekana ibirahuri, strontium ferrite, ibikoresho bya magnetique hamwe nicyuma cya desulfurizasi nizindi nganda, cyangwa mugukora fireworks, ibirahuri bya fluorescent, ibisasu byerekana ibimenyetso, gukora impapuro, ubuvuzi , isesengura reagent nibikoresho fatizo byo gukora indi myunyu ya strontium.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, Ubushinwa bufite inganda zirenga 20 zikora karubone ya karubone, ifite umusaruro w’umwaka wa toni 289000, ikaba ibaye nini ku isi n’umukoresha wa gaze ya karubone, no kohereza mu bice byose by’isi, ikaba izwi cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga.Nk’uko imibare ya gasutamo ibigaragaza, Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bya karubone ya strontium mu myaka yashize ni toni 78700 mu 2003, toni 98000 mu 2004 na toni 33000 mu 2005, bingana na 34.25%, 36.8% na 39.7% by’umusaruro rusange w’igihugu na 52.5%, 54.7% na 57.8% by'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ku isoko.Celestite, ibikoresho nyamukuru bya karubone ya strontium, ni minerval nkeya ku isi kandi ni umutungo w’amabuye y'agaciro adashobora kuvugururwa.
Nkuko twese tubizi, strontium numutungo wingenzi wingenzi hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha.Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa ni ugutunganya umunyu wa strontium, nka karubone ya strontium, strontium titanate, nitrate, oxyde ya strontium, chloride ya strontium, chromate strontium, strontium ferrite, nibindi. Muri byo, umubare munini ni ugukora karubone ya strontium.
Mubushinwa, karubone yacu ya strontium ifite inyungu runaka mubijyanye no gutanga no gutanga umusaruro.Birashobora kuvugwa ko ibyiringiro byisoko rya karubone ya strontium itanga ikizere.
1.Uburyo bworoshye bwo kubora.
Celestite yarajanjaguwe hanyuma isubizwa hamwe na soda ivu ya 2h ku bushyuhe bwa 100 ℃.Ubushuhe bwa mbere bwa sodium karubone ni 20%, ingano ya sodium karubone yongeweho ni 110% yumubare wamahame, naho ingano yifu yifu ni 80 mesh.Muri ubu buryo, igipimo cyo kubora gishobora kugera kuri 97%.Nyuma yo kuyungurura, kwibumbira hamwe kwa sodium sulfate muri filtrate birashobora kugera kuri 24%.Gukubita karubone ya karubone ya karubone n'amazi, ongeramo hydrochloric acide ibirungo bya pH3, hanyuma nyuma ya 2 ~ 3h kuri 90 ~ 100 ℃, ongeramo ibimera bivanaho barium, hanyuma uhindure ibishishwa hamwe na ammonia kuri pH6.8 ~ 7.2 kugirango ukureho umwanda. .Nyuma yo kuyungurura, kuyungurura bigabanya karubone ya strontium hamwe na amonium bicarbonate cyangwa umuti wa karubone ya amonium, hanyuma ukayungurura kugirango ukureho ammonium chloride.Nyuma yo kumisha akayunguruzo, ibicuruzwa bya karubone ya strontium.
SrSO4 + Na2CO3 → SrCO3 + Na2SO4
SrCO3 + 2HCl → SrCl2 + CO2 ↑ + H2O
SrCl2 + NH4HCO3 → SrCO3 + NH4Cl + HCl
2. Uburyo bwo kugabanya amakara.
Amakara ya Celestite na pulverized arajanjagurwa kugirango anyuze meshes 20 nkibikoresho fatizo, igipimo cyamabuye namakara ni 1: 0.6 ~ 1: 0.7, kugabanuka no gutwikwa ku bushyuhe bwa 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, nyuma ya 0.5 ~ 1.0h, ibikoresho byabazwe irashishwa kabiri, yozwa rimwe, yomekwa kuri 90 ℃, igashiramo 3h buri mwanya, kandi igipimo cyose gishobora kugera hejuru ya 82%.Umuti wo kumeneka urayungurura, ibisigara bya filteri bisukwa na aside hydrochloric, hanyuma strontium ikongera kugarurwa, hanyuma filtrate ikongerwamo umuti wa mirabilite kugirango ukureho barium, Noneho ongeramo ammonium bicarbonate cyangwa sodium karubone yumuti kugirango ubyare umusaruro wa karubone ya karubone (cyangwa mu buryo butaziguye karubone hamwe na karuboni ya dioxyde), hanyuma itandukane, yumutse, kandi usya kugirango ubyare umusaruro wa karubone ya strontium.
SrSO4 + 2C → SrS + 2CO2
2SrS + 2H2O → Sr (OH) 2 + Sr (HS) 2
Sr (OH) 2 + Sr (HS) 2 + 2NH4HCO3 → 2Sr (CO3 + 2NH4HS + 2H2O
3.Umuti ushushe wa strontium siderite.
Siderite ya strontium na kokiya irajanjagurwa ikavangwa muruvange ukurikije igipimo cyamabuye na kokiya = 10: 1 (igipimo cyibiro).Nyuma yo kotsa kuri 1150 ~ 1250 ℃, karubone irabora kugirango ikore clinker irimo okiside ya strontium nizindi oxyde yicyuma.Clinker yatewe intambwe eshatu, kandi ubushyuhe bwiza ni 95 ℃.Intambwe ya kabiri n'iya gatatu zirashobora gushirwa kuri.Kora kuri 70-80 ℃.Igisubizo cyo kumeneka gituma hydroxide ya strontium iba 1mol / L, ifasha gutandukanya umwanda Ca2 + na Mg2 +.Ongeramo amonium bicarbonate kuri filtrate ya karubone kugirango ubone karubone ya strontium.Nyuma yo gutandukana, kumisha no kumenagura, karubone ya strontium yarangije kuboneka.
SrCO3 → SrO + C02 ↑
SrO + H2O → Sr (OH) 2
Sr (OH) 2 + NH4HCO3 → SrCO3 ↓ + NH3 · H2O + H2O
4. Gukoresha muri rusange.
Kuva muri brine yo munsi y'ubutaka irimo bromine na strontium, strontium irimo inzoga za nyina nyuma yo gukuramo bromine itabangamiwe na lime, igahumeka, igahundagurika kandi igakonjeshwa, hanyuma chloride ya sodium ikurwaho, hanyuma calcium ikurwaho na soda ya caustic, hanyuma bicarbonate ya ammonium ikongerwaho kugirango ihindurwe hydroxide ya strontium mumyororokere ya karubone ya strontium, hanyuma ikakaraba hanyuma ikuma kugirango itange umusaruro wa karubone ya strontium.
SrC12 + 2NaOH → Sr (OH) 2 + 2NaCl
Sr (OH) 2 + NH4HCO3 → SrCO3 + NH3 · H2O + H2O
Wow!Urabizi, Wit-Kibuye ni sosiyete nziza cyane!Serivisi ni nziza rwose, gupakira ibicuruzwa nibyiza cyane, umuvuduko wo gutanga nabyo birihuta cyane, kandi hariho abakozi basubiza ibibazo kumurongo amasaha 24 kumunsi.
Serivise yikigo iratangaje rwose.Ibicuruzwa byose byakiriwe birapakiwe neza kandi bifatanye nibimenyetso bifatika.Gupakira birakomeye kandi ibikoresho byihuta birihuta.
Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa burarenze rwose.Natunguwe, imyifatire ya serivise yikigo kuva igihe nakiriye iperereza kugeza igihe nemeje ko ibicuruzwa byakorewe mucyiciro cya mbere, bigatuma numva nshyushye cyane kandi byanshimishije cyane.
